Differences between Prokaryotic Cell and Eukaryotic Cell

Prokaryotic Cell

 

1. Generally small (1-10 μm) in size and volume

2. Cell wall is present

3. Nucleus is absent

4. Prokaryotic cell division occurs through fission or budding, no mitosis occurs.

5. Prokaryotes generally lack membrane-bound cell compartments: such as mitochondria and chloroplasts.

6. Single circular chromosome

7. Chromosome found in a cytoplasmic region called the nucleoid.

8. No internal membranes, Some infolded plasma membrane, No Cytoskeleton

9. Intracellular movement is absent

Eukaryotic Cell

1. Generally large (5-100 μm). Eukaryotic cells are about 15 times the size of a typical prokaryote and can be as much as 1000 times greater in volume.

2. Cell walls may or may not be present.

3. Nucleus is present

4. Mitosis, including mitotic spindle, centrioles in many species.

5. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are present in Eukaryotes.

6. Multiple linear chromosomes

7. Chromosomes found in a membrane-bound nucleus.

8. Extensive network of internal membranes, Complex, with microtubules, intermediate filaments and actin filaments

9. Cytoplasmic streaming, endocytosis, phagocytosis, mitosis, vesicle transport.